feat: v3.1 - 用户密码管理和邮箱验证功能

新增功能：
1. 修改密码功能
   - 用户可以修改自己的密码
   - 需要验证旧密码
   - 新密码至少6位且不能与旧密码相同

2. 邮箱绑定功能
   - 用户可以绑定/修改邮箱
   - 邮箱格式验证和唯一性检查
   - 修改邮箱后需要重新验证

3. 邮箱验证功能
   - 发送验证邮件（24小时有效）
   - 点击邮件链接完成验证
   - 验证状态显示

技术实现：
- 新增4个数据库字段（email_verified等）
- 封装邮件发送工具（utils/email_sender.py）
- 新增5个API接口
- 新增修改密码页面
- 集成邮箱管理到个人中心

文件变更：
- 修改：app.py, models.py, base_new.html, profile.html
- 新增：change_password.html, email_sender.py, migrate_email_verification.py
- 文档：server-update.md, SERVER_RESTART_GUIDE.md

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>

templates/user/profile.html

@@ -193,6 +193,7 @@
             <ul class="nav-menu">
                 <li><a href="/user/profile" class="active">👤 个人资料</a></li>
                 <li><a href="/user/collections">⭐ 我的收藏</a></li>
+                <li><a href="/user/change-password">🔒 修改密码</a></li>
             </ul>
         </div>
 
@@ -213,6 +214,47 @@
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
+                <!-- 邮箱管理 -->
+                <div class="recent-section" style="margin-bottom: 32px;">
+                    <h2>邮箱管理</h2>
+                    <div style="background: white; padding: 20px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color); border-radius: var(--radius-md);">
+                        <div style="display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; margin-bottom: 16px;">
+                            <div>
+                                <div style="font-size: 14px; color: var(--text-secondary); margin-bottom: 4px;">当前邮箱</div>
+                                <div style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600;" id="currentEmail">
+                                    {{ current_user.email or '未绑定' }}
+                                </div>
+                            </div>
+                            {% if current_user.email %}
+                            <div>
+                                {% if current_user.email_verified %}
+                                <span style="display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; padding: 4px 12px; background: #d1fae5; color: #065f46; border-radius: 12px; font-size: 12px;">
+                                    <span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 16px;">check_circle</span>
+                                    已验证
+                                </span>
+                                {% else %}
+                                <span style="display: inline-flex; align-items: center; gap: 4px; padding: 4px 12px; background: #fef3c7; color: #92400e; border-radius: 12px; font-size: 12px;">
+                                    <span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 16px;">warning</span>
+                                    未验证
+                                </span>
+                                {% endif %}
+                            </div>
+                            {% endif %}
+                        </div>
+
+                        <div style="display: flex; gap: 12px;">
+                            <button onclick="showEmailModal()" style="padding: 8px 16px; background: var(--primary-blue); color: white; border: none; border-radius: var(--radius-md); cursor: pointer; font-size: 14px;">
+                                {{ '修改邮箱' if current_user.email else '绑定邮箱' }}
+                            </button>
+                            {% if current_user.email and not current_user.email_verified %}
+                            <button onclick="sendVerifyEmail()" id="verifyBtn" style="padding: 8px 16px; background: #f59e0b; color: white; border: none; border-radius: var(--radius-md); cursor: pointer; font-size: 14px;">
+                                发送验证邮件
+                            </button>
+                            {% endif %}
+                        </div>
+                    </div>
+                </div>
+
                 <!-- 最近收藏 -->
                 <div class="recent-section">
                     <h2>最近收藏</h2>
@@ -242,4 +284,146 @@
         </div>
     </div>
 </div>
+
+<!-- 邮箱管理弹窗 -->
+<div id="emailModal" style="display: none; position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; background: rgba(0,0,0,0.5); z-index: 1000; align-items: center; justify-content: center;">
+    <div style="background: white; border-radius: var(--radius-lg); padding: 32px; max-width: 500px; width: 90%;">
+        <h2 style="font-size: 20px; font-weight: 700; margin-bottom: 24px;">{{ '修改邮箱' if current_user.email else '绑定邮箱' }}</h2>
+
+        <div id="emailAlert" style="display: none; padding: 12px; border-radius: var(--radius-md); margin-bottom: 16px; font-size: 14px;"></div>
+
+        <div style="margin-bottom: 20px;">
+            <label style="display: block; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; margin-bottom: 8px;">邮箱地址</label>
+            <input type="email" id="emailInput" placeholder="请输入邮箱地址" style="width: 100%; padding: 12px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color); border-radius: var(--radius-md); font-size: 14px;">
+        </div>
+
+        <div style="display: flex; gap: 12px; justify-content: flex-end;">
+            <button onclick="hideEmailModal()" style="padding: 10px 20px; background: transparent; color: var(--text-secondary); border: 1px solid var(--border-color); border-radius: var(--radius-md); cursor: pointer;">
+                取消
+            </button>
+            <button onclick="updateEmail()" id="emailSubmitBtn" style="padding: 10px 20px; background: var(--primary-blue); color: white; border: none; border-radius: var(--radius-md); cursor: pointer;">
+                确定
+            </button>
+        </div>
+    </div>
+</div>
+
+<script>
+// 显示邮箱弹窗
+function showEmailModal() {
+    const modal = document.getElementById('emailModal');
+    const input = document.getElementById('emailInput');
+    input.value = '{{ current_user.email or "" }}';
+    modal.style.display = 'flex';
+}
+
+// 隐藏邮箱弹窗
+function hideEmailModal() {
+    const modal = document.getElementById('emailModal');
+    modal.style.display = 'none';
+    document.getElementById('emailAlert').style.display = 'none';
+}
+
+// 显示弹窗提示
+function showEmailAlert(message, type) {
+    const alert = document.getElementById('emailAlert');
+    alert.textContent = message;
+    alert.style.display = 'block';
+
+    if (type === 'success') {
+        alert.style.background = '#d1fae5';
+        alert.style.color = '#065f46';
+        alert.style.border = '1px solid #6ee7b7';
+    } else {
+        alert.style.background = '#fee2e2';
+        alert.style.color = '#991b1b';
+        alert.style.border = '1px solid #fca5a5';
+    }
+}
+
+// 更新邮箱
+async function updateEmail() {
+    const email = document.getElementById('emailInput').value.trim();
+    const submitBtn = document.getElementById('emailSubmitBtn');
+
+    if (!email) {
+        showEmailAlert('请输入邮箱地址', 'error');
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // 验证邮箱格式
+    const emailPattern = /^[a-zA-Z0-9._%+-]+@[a-zA-Z0-9.-]+\.[a-zA-Z]{2,}$/;
+    if (!emailPattern.test(email)) {
+        showEmailAlert('邮箱格式不正确', 'error');
+        return;
+    }
+
+    submitBtn.disabled = true;
+    submitBtn.textContent = '提交中...';
+
+    try {
+        const response = await fetch('/api/user/email', {
+            method: 'PUT',
+            headers: {
+                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+            },
+            body: JSON.stringify({ email: email })
+        });
+
+        const data = await response.json();
+
+        if (data.success) {
+            showEmailAlert(data.message, 'success');
+            setTimeout(() => {
+                location.reload();
+            }, 1500);
+        } else {
+            showEmailAlert(data.message, 'error');
+            submitBtn.disabled = false;
+            submitBtn.textContent = '确定';
+        }
+    } catch (error) {
+        showEmailAlert('网络错误，请稍后重试', 'error');
+        submitBtn.disabled = false;
+        submitBtn.textContent = '确定';
+    }
+}
+
+// 发送验证邮件
+async function sendVerifyEmail() {
+    const btn = document.getElementById('verifyBtn');
+    btn.disabled = true;
+    btn.textContent = '发送中...';
+
+    try {
+        const response = await fetch('/api/user/send-verify-email', {
+            method: 'POST',
+            headers: {
+                'Content-Type': 'application/json',
+            }
+        });
+
+        const data = await response.json();
+
+        if (data.success) {
+            alert(data.message);
+        } else {
+            alert(data.message);
+            btn.disabled = false;
+            btn.textContent = '发送验证邮件';
+        }
+    } catch (error) {
+        alert('网络错误，请稍后重试');
+        btn.disabled = false;
+        btn.textContent = '发送验证邮件';
+    }
+}
+
+// 点击弹窗外部关闭
+document.getElementById('emailModal').addEventListener('click', function(e) {
+    if (e.target === this) {
+        hideEmailModal();
+    }
+});
+</script>
 {% endblock %}